Participants

We collected data from 141 participants, of which 109 met the inclusion criteria and were included in data analyses. 50 were tested in Oxford, and 91 were tested in Barcelona.

We collected data from 25 longitudinal participants, that is, who were tested in at least two of the three ages (21, 25, and 30). Of those, 0 were tested in Oxford, and 25 were tested in Barcelona.

Language profiles

Only valid participants.

Methods

Preprocessing vocabulary data

We collected vocabulary data from participants. In Oxford, participants were sent the online version of the Oxford Communicative Development Inventory [OCDI; @hamilton2000] two weeks before each appointment. In Barcelona, participants were sent the online vocabulary inventory MultiLex immediately after the appointment, and were given two weeks to fill it. In Oxford, families filled the vocabulary checklist in the testing language, and when the participant was monolingual, also in the second language. In Barcelona, all participants filled the Catalan and the Spanish versions of the vocabulary checklists. All checklists included the words involved in the trial lists. When filling the vocabulary checklist, families checked each word as being understood, understood and produced or none. Each response to either checklist was aggregated to produce several vocabulary measures:

  • Total vocabulary: total number of words the child knows, summing up both languages. For instance, a child who knows 210 words in Catalan and 100 words in Spanish would have a total vocabulary size of 210 words.
  • L1 vocabulary: number of words the child knows in the languages of higher exposure (i.e., testing language). For instance, for a child exposed to 75% Catalan who knows 210 words in Catalan and 100 words in Spanish, their L1 vocabulary size would be 210 words.
  • Conceptual vocabulary: number of lexicalised concepts, that is, the number of concepts for which the child knows a word in at least one of the languages. For example, a Catalan-Spanish bilingual that knows taula and mesa – Catalan and Spanish translations of table– would have a conceptual vocabulary size of 1.

Vocabulary sizes of participants whose families failed to complete the vocabulary checklists were imputed, by assigning them the most likely vocabulary size from a distribution of vocabulary sizes of children of similar age (\(\pm\) 1 month) and language profile (similar exposure to a second language, \(\pm\) 10%) that completed the same vocabulary checklist previously.

Preprocessing gaze data

Workflow

Trial-level inclusion criteria

  • \(\geq\) 50% or more valid samples during prime phase (1,500 ms)
  • \(\geq\) 50% or more valid samples during target-distractor phase (2,000 ms)
  • At least one sample in target and one sample in distractor
  • Participant understands prime word in both languages
  • Participant knows the target word in the test language
  • Participant knows the distractor word in the test language

Participant-level inclusion criteria

  • \(\geq\) 4 trials in Cognate condition (50%, from a total of 8)
  • \(\geq\) 4 trials in Non-cognate condition (50%, from a total of 8)
  • \(\geq\) 8 trials in Unrelated condition (50%, from a total of 16)
  • \(\geq\) 36 gestational weeks
  • \(\geq\) 2,800g birth weight
  • No diagnosed developmental, hearing, or visual disorders
  • Not exposed to more than 10% to a 3rd language

Results

Attrition rate

This table shows a summary of the total, total valid, and proportion of valid monolingual and bilingual participants tested in each lab (Barcelona and Oxford), in each age group (21, 25, and 30 months), and the mean of valid trials they contributed in each trial type (cognate, non-cognate, and unrelated).

Age Group Laboratory Mean valid trials N participants
Cognate (8) Non-cognate (8) Unrelated (16) Valid Tested Valid (%)
21 Bilingual Barcelona 6.04 5.87 11.30 21 23 91.30%
21 Monolingual Barcelona 6.26 6.97 13.22 37 42 88.10%
21 Monolingual Oxford 6.20 6.53 12.50 29 30 96.67%
25 Bilingual Barcelona 6.67 6.17 13.00 11 12 91.67%
25 Monolingual Barcelona 6.53 6.75 13.50 32 36 88.89%
25 Monolingual Oxford 2.67 2.67 6.33 1 3 33.33%
30 Bilingual Barcelona 5.71 5.86 11.33 16 21 76.19%
30 Bilingual Oxford 8.00 8.00 16.00 1 1 100.00%
30 Monolingual Barcelona 6.96 6.88 13.42 21 24 87.50%
30 Monolingual Oxford 7.50 7.00 15.50 4 4 100.00%

Vocabulary

Vocabulary in the dominant language (L1)

This figure represents the vocabulary size in the dominant language of participants in the Y-axis and their linguistic profile in the X-axis. Results are presented separately for each age group. The shape of the violins, represents the distribution of the vocabulary sizes. The box-plot inside each violin represents the median, 25th and 75th percentiles, and the vertical lines represent the minimum and maximum values. vocabulary sizes in the dominant language were calculated as the proportion of items each participant was reported to understand or understand and say in the language of most exposure. for example, for a participant exposed mostly to Catalan, their vocabulary size in the dominant language was calculated as the proportion of words they were reported to understand and/or say in Catalan, from a total of ~200 words.

Target fixations

Target fixations: Age group and language profile

Cross-sectional

For each participant and trial, the proportion of fixations to the target object were calculated from the total of fixations to the target, the distractor, and the rest of the screen. Then proportions for the same participant were aggregated within conditions, so that for each participant three data points were obtained: one in each trial type (cognate, non-cognate, and unrelated). Some participants were longitudinal. Scores form longitudinal participant are indicated by gray lines linking data points from the same participant.

Age group: 21 months

Age group: 25 months

Age group: 30 months

Longitudinal

Each trial was divided into 100 ms time bins. for each time bin, the proportion of target fixations were calculated, from the total of fixations to the target, distractor and the rest of the screen for that same time bin. Proportions were then aggregated across trials for each time bin and participants, so that each participant contributed with 20 data points (one for each time bin) for each trial type (cognate, non-cognate, and unrelated). This figure shows the fitted line of a General Additive Model (GAM) generated using the geom_smooth() function from the ggplot R package, with default settings.

Target fixations: Time course analysis

Age group: 21 months

Age group: 25 months

Age group: 30 months

Target fixations: Vocabulary size

Target fixations: High vocabulary vs. low vocabulary

Target fixations: 21 months

Target fixations: 25 months

Target fixations: 30 months

Target fixations: Oxford vs. Barcelona

Age group: 21 months

Age group: 25 months

Age group: 30 months

Data analysis

Model

\[ \log(\frac{p}{n - q}) = (\beta_{0} + \beta_{0p} + \beta_{0i}) + ... \\ (\beta_{1} + \beta_{1p} + \beta_{1i})\times Condition_{pi} + ... \\ (\beta_{2} + \beta_{2i}) \times Group_{pi} + ... \\ (\beta_{3} + \beta_{3i}) \times (Condition_{pi} \times Group_{pi}) + ... \\ (\beta_{4} + \beta_{4p}) \times Vocabulary_{p} + \varepsilon_{pi} \]

Appendix

Appendix 1: Individual attrition rates

Participant Location Date Age Group Valid trials (%) by trial type Valid (other)? Valid trials
Cognate Non-cognate Unrelated
18 Barcelona 2019-11-26 30 Bilingual 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 3 (0.38%) FALSE FALSE
19 Barcelona 2019-11-28 30 Bilingual 8 (1%) 7 (0.88%) 13 (1.62%) TRUE TRUE
20 Barcelona 2019-11-30 30 Bilingual 1 (0.12%) 2 (0.25%) 6 (0.75%) FALSE FALSE
21 Barcelona 2019-11-30 30 Bilingual 7 (0.88%) 8 (1%) 15 (1.88%) TRUE TRUE
22 Barcelona 2019-11-30 30 Bilingual 8 (1%) 6 (0.75%) 15 (1.88%) FALSE FALSE
23 Barcelona 2019-11-30 30 Monolingual 8 (1%) 7 (0.88%) 14 (1.75%) TRUE TRUE
25 Barcelona 2019-12-14 30 Monolingual 2 (0.25%) 1 (0.12%) 6 (0.75%) FALSE FALSE
26 Barcelona 2019-12-14 30 Bilingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
27 Barcelona 2019-12-14 30 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
28 Barcelona 2019-12-14 30 Monolingual 6 (0.75%) 5 (0.62%) 13 (1.62%) TRUE TRUE
29 Barcelona 2020-01-15 30 Bilingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 14 (1.75%) TRUE TRUE
31 Barcelona 2020-01-17 30 Bilingual 6 (0.75%) 4 (0.5%) 7 (0.88%) TRUE TRUE
30 Barcelona 2020-01-18 30 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
32 Barcelona 2020-01-18 30 Bilingual 7 (0.88%) 7 (0.88%) 13 (1.62%) TRUE TRUE
33 Barcelona 2020-01-23 30 Monolingual 8 (1%) 7 (0.88%) 14 (1.75%) TRUE TRUE
35 Barcelona 2020-02-01 30 Bilingual 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) FALSE FALSE
36 Barcelona 2020-02-06 30 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
37 Barcelona 2020-02-08 25 Bilingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 16 (2%) FALSE FALSE
38 Barcelona 2020-02-10 30 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 15 (1.88%) TRUE TRUE
39 Barcelona 2020-02-10 30 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 7 (0.88%) 15 (1.88%) TRUE TRUE
40 Barcelona 2020-02-14 30 Monolingual 6 (0.75%) 8 (1%) 14 (1.75%) TRUE TRUE
41 Barcelona 2020-02-15 30 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 8 (1%) 14 (1.75%) TRUE TRUE
42 Barcelona 2020-02-25 30 Bilingual 5 (0.62%) 7 (0.88%) 15 (1.88%) TRUE TRUE
43 Barcelona 2020-02-28 30 Bilingual 7 (0.88%) 5 (0.62%) 11 (1.38%) TRUE TRUE
44 Barcelona 2020-02-29 30 Bilingual 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) FALSE FALSE
45 Barcelona 2020-03-07 21 Bilingual 6 (0.75%) 6 (0.75%) 12 (1.5%) TRUE TRUE
47 Barcelona 2020-03-11 21 Monolingual 3 (0.38%) 5 (0.62%) 12 (1.5%) TRUE TRUE
48 Barcelona 2020-03-11 21 Bilingual 6 (0.75%) 5 (0.62%) 13 (1.62%) FALSE FALSE
49 Barcelona 2020-11-06 21 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
49 Barcelona 2020-11-06 25 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 7 (0.88%) 14 (1.75%) TRUE TRUE
50 Barcelona 2020-11-07 21 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 15 (1.88%) TRUE TRUE
50 Barcelona 2020-11-07 25 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
51 Barcelona 2020-11-07 21 Monolingual 3 (0.38%) 5 (0.62%) 6 (0.75%) TRUE TRUE
51 Barcelona 2020-11-07 25 Monolingual 4 (0.5%) 6 (0.75%) 10 (1.25%) TRUE TRUE
52 Barcelona 2020-11-09 21 Monolingual 8 (1%) 6 (0.75%) 11 (1.38%) TRUE TRUE
52 Barcelona 2020-11-09 25 Monolingual 8 (1%) 5 (0.62%) 12 (1.5%) TRUE TRUE
53 Barcelona 2020-11-14 25 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 8 (1%) 15 (1.88%) TRUE TRUE
53 Barcelona 2020-11-14 30 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 15 (1.88%) TRUE TRUE
54 Barcelona 2020-11-14 21 Monolingual 6 (0.75%) 8 (1%) 15 (1.88%) TRUE TRUE
55 Barcelona 2020-11-14 21 Bilingual 8 (1%) 7 (0.88%) 14 (1.75%) TRUE TRUE
55 Barcelona 2020-11-14 25 Bilingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 15 (1.88%) TRUE TRUE
56 Barcelona 2020-11-14 21 Monolingual 6 (0.75%) 5 (0.62%) 11 (1.38%) TRUE TRUE
57 Barcelona 2020-11-16 21 Bilingual 7 (0.88%) 6 (0.75%) 9 (1.12%) TRUE TRUE
57 Barcelona 2020-11-16 25 Bilingual 5 (0.62%) 2 (0.25%) 8 (1%) TRUE TRUE
58 Barcelona 2020-11-17 25 Monolingual 5 (0.62%) 8 (1%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
58 Barcelona 2020-11-17 30 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 8 (1%) 15 (1.88%) TRUE TRUE
59 Barcelona 2020-11-18 25 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 8 (1%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
59 Barcelona 2020-11-18 30 Monolingual 5 (0.62%) 8 (1%) 13 (1.62%) TRUE TRUE
60 Barcelona 2020-11-19 25 Bilingual 6 (0.75%) 7 (0.88%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
60 Barcelona 2020-11-19 30 Bilingual 7 (0.88%) 8 (1%) 13 (1.62%) TRUE TRUE
62 Barcelona 2020-11-21 21 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 8 (1%) 15 (1.88%) TRUE TRUE
64 Barcelona 2020-11-21 25 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 4 (0.5%) 12 (1.5%) TRUE TRUE
64 Barcelona 2020-11-21 30 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 15 (1.88%) TRUE TRUE
65 Barcelona 2020-11-25 25 Monolingual 4 (0.5%) 6 (0.75%) 10 (1.25%) FALSE TRUE
65 Barcelona 2020-11-25 30 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 8 (1%) 13 (1.62%) TRUE TRUE
66 Barcelona 2020-11-26 25 Bilingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 14 (1.75%) TRUE TRUE
67 Barcelona 2020-11-27 25 Bilingual 7 (0.88%) 5 (0.62%) 12 (1.5%) TRUE TRUE
67 Barcelona 2020-11-27 30 Bilingual 6 (0.75%) 7 (0.88%) 12 (1.5%) TRUE TRUE
68 Barcelona 2020-11-27 25 Bilingual 7 (0.88%) 6 (0.75%) 8 (1%) TRUE TRUE
69 Barcelona 2020-11-28 25 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 13 (1.62%) TRUE TRUE
69 Barcelona 2020-11-28 30 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 8 (1%) 12 (1.5%) TRUE TRUE
70 Barcelona 2020-12-01 21 Monolingual 5 (0.62%) 7 (0.88%) 13 (1.62%) TRUE TRUE
70 Barcelona 2020-12-01 25 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
71 Barcelona 2020-12-01 21 Bilingual 7 (0.88%) 8 (1%) 12 (1.5%) TRUE TRUE
72 Barcelona 2020-12-04 21 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 8 (1%) 14 (1.75%) TRUE TRUE
72 Barcelona 2020-12-04 25 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
73 Barcelona 2020-12-04 21 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 15 (1.88%) FALSE FALSE
73 Barcelona 2020-12-04 25 Monolingual 4 (0.5%) 6 (0.75%) 12 (1.5%) FALSE FALSE
74 Barcelona 2020-12-05 25 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 7 (0.88%) 16 (2%) FALSE FALSE
74 Barcelona 2020-12-05 30 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 1 (0.12%) 9 (1.12%) FALSE FALSE
75 Barcelona 2020-12-09 25 Monolingual 8 (1%) 7 (0.88%) 14 (1.75%) TRUE TRUE
76 Barcelona 2020-12-12 21 Bilingual 5 (0.62%) 5 (0.62%) 6 (0.75%) TRUE TRUE
77 Barcelona 2020-12-12 21 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 7 (0.88%) 13 (1.62%) TRUE TRUE
78 Barcelona 2020-12-16 21 Monolingual 0 (0%) NA (NA%) NA (NA%) FALSE TRUE
78 Barcelona 2020-12-16 25 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 7 (0.88%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
79 Barcelona 2020-12-16 21 Monolingual 5 (0.62%) 5 (0.62%) 12 (1.5%) TRUE TRUE
80 Barcelona 2020-12-19 21 Bilingual 6 (0.75%) 7 (0.88%) 15 (1.88%) TRUE TRUE
80 Barcelona 2020-12-19 30 Bilingual 7 (0.88%) 8 (1%) 15 (1.88%) TRUE TRUE
81 Barcelona 2020-12-21 21 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 7 (0.88%) 14 (1.75%) TRUE TRUE
81 Barcelona 2020-12-21 25 Monolingual 6 (0.75%) 7 (0.88%) 13 (1.62%) TRUE TRUE
82 Barcelona 2020-12-21 21 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 7 (0.88%) 13 (1.62%) TRUE TRUE
82 Barcelona 2020-12-21 25 Monolingual 8 (1%) 6 (0.75%) 15 (1.88%) TRUE TRUE
84 Barcelona 2021-01-22 21 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 14 (1.75%) TRUE TRUE
84 Barcelona 2021-01-22 25 Monolingual 3 (0.38%) 5 (0.62%) 6 (0.75%) TRUE TRUE
85 Barcelona 2021-01-22 21 Monolingual 3 (0.38%) 1 (0.12%) 6 (0.75%) FALSE FALSE
86 Barcelona 2021-01-29 21 Bilingual 6 (0.75%) 7 (0.88%) 15 (1.88%) TRUE TRUE
87 Barcelona 2021-01-30 21 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 8 (1%) 15 (1.88%) TRUE TRUE
88 Barcelona 2021-01-30 21 Bilingual 5 (0.62%) 6 (0.75%) 11 (1.38%) TRUE TRUE
89 Barcelona 2021-02-02 21 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 15 (1.88%) TRUE TRUE
90 Barcelona 2021-02-06 21 Bilingual 8 (1%) 5 (0.62%) 14 (1.75%) TRUE TRUE
91 Barcelona 2021-02-06 21 Monolingual 6 (0.75%) 7 (0.88%) 13 (1.62%) TRUE TRUE
92 Barcelona 2021-02-06 21 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 8 (1%) 14 (1.75%) TRUE TRUE
49 Barcelona 2021-02-13 21 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
49 Barcelona 2021-02-13 25 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 7 (0.88%) 14 (1.75%) TRUE TRUE
93 Barcelona 2021-02-13 21 Bilingual 7 (0.88%) 8 (1%) 14 (1.75%) TRUE TRUE
94 Barcelona 2021-02-13 21 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 16 (2%) FALSE FALSE
95 Barcelona 2021-02-13 21 Monolingual 5 (0.62%) 8 (1%) 12 (1.5%) FALSE FALSE
96 Barcelona 2021-02-13 21 Monolingual 5 (0.62%) 7 (0.88%) 15 (1.88%) TRUE TRUE
97 Barcelona 2021-02-19 21 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 4 (0.5%) 10 (1.25%) TRUE TRUE
100 Barcelona 2021-02-20 21 Bilingual 7 (0.88%) 7 (0.88%) 13 (1.62%) TRUE TRUE
101 Barcelona 2021-02-20 21 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 14 (1.75%) TRUE TRUE
55 Barcelona 2021-02-20 21 Bilingual 8 (1%) 7 (0.88%) 14 (1.75%) TRUE TRUE
55 Barcelona 2021-02-20 25 Bilingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 15 (1.88%) TRUE TRUE
98 Barcelona 2021-02-20 21 Bilingual 7 (0.88%) 8 (1%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
99 Barcelona 2021-02-20 21 Bilingual 4 (0.5%) 3 (0.38%) 6 (0.75%) TRUE TRUE
102 Barcelona 2021-02-26 21 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
103 Barcelona 2021-02-27 21 Bilingual 7 (0.88%) 8 (1%) 13 (1.62%) TRUE TRUE
104 Barcelona 2021-02-27 21 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 6 (0.75%) 14 (1.75%) TRUE TRUE
105 Barcelona 2021-02-27 21 Bilingual 4 (0.5%) 4 (0.5%) 12 (1.5%) TRUE TRUE
57 Barcelona 2021-03-05 21 Bilingual 7 (0.88%) 6 (0.75%) 9 (1.12%) TRUE TRUE
57 Barcelona 2021-03-05 25 Bilingual 5 (0.62%) 2 (0.25%) 8 (1%) TRUE TRUE
51 Barcelona 2021-03-06 21 Monolingual 3 (0.38%) 5 (0.62%) 6 (0.75%) TRUE TRUE
51 Barcelona 2021-03-06 25 Monolingual 4 (0.5%) 6 (0.75%) 10 (1.25%) TRUE TRUE
106 Barcelona 2021-03-13 21 Bilingual 0 (0%) 1 (0.12%) 0 (0%) FALSE FALSE
107 Barcelona 2021-03-13 21 Monolingual 5 (0.62%) 8 (1%) 14 (1.75%) TRUE TRUE
50 Barcelona 2021-03-13 21 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 15 (1.88%) TRUE TRUE
50 Barcelona 2021-03-13 25 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
108 Barcelona 2021-03-15 21 Bilingual 6 (0.75%) 5 (0.62%) 10 (1.25%) TRUE TRUE
74 Barcelona 2021-03-20 25 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 7 (0.88%) 16 (2%) FALSE FALSE
74 Barcelona 2021-03-20 30 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 1 (0.12%) 9 (1.12%) FALSE FALSE
52 Barcelona 2021-03-22 21 Monolingual 8 (1%) 6 (0.75%) 11 (1.38%) TRUE TRUE
52 Barcelona 2021-03-22 25 Monolingual 8 (1%) 5 (0.62%) 12 (1.5%) TRUE TRUE
62 Barcelona 2021-04-10 21 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 8 (1%) 15 (1.88%) TRUE TRUE
64 Barcelona 2021-04-10 25 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 4 (0.5%) 12 (1.5%) TRUE TRUE
64 Barcelona 2021-04-10 30 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 15 (1.88%) TRUE TRUE
80 Barcelona 2021-04-10 21 Bilingual 6 (0.75%) 7 (0.88%) 15 (1.88%) TRUE TRUE
80 Barcelona 2021-04-10 30 Bilingual 7 (0.88%) 8 (1%) 15 (1.88%) TRUE TRUE
59 Barcelona 2021-04-13 25 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 8 (1%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
59 Barcelona 2021-04-13 30 Monolingual 5 (0.62%) 8 (1%) 13 (1.62%) TRUE TRUE
109 Barcelona 2021-04-14 21 Bilingual 7 (0.88%) 4 (0.5%) 11 (1.38%) TRUE TRUE
111 Barcelona 2021-04-17 30 Bilingual 8 (1%) 7 (0.88%) 15 (1.88%) TRUE TRUE
53 Barcelona 2021-04-17 25 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 8 (1%) 15 (1.88%) TRUE TRUE
53 Barcelona 2021-04-17 30 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 15 (1.88%) TRUE TRUE
65 Barcelona 2021-04-22 25 Monolingual 4 (0.5%) 6 (0.75%) 10 (1.25%) FALSE TRUE
65 Barcelona 2021-04-22 30 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 8 (1%) 13 (1.62%) TRUE TRUE
67 Barcelona 2021-04-22 25 Bilingual 7 (0.88%) 5 (0.62%) 12 (1.5%) TRUE TRUE
67 Barcelona 2021-04-22 30 Bilingual 6 (0.75%) 7 (0.88%) 12 (1.5%) TRUE TRUE
60 Barcelona 2021-04-26 25 Bilingual 6 (0.75%) 7 (0.88%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
60 Barcelona 2021-04-26 30 Bilingual 7 (0.88%) 8 (1%) 13 (1.62%) TRUE TRUE
58 Barcelona 2021-04-28 25 Bilingual 5 (0.62%) 8 (1%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
58 Barcelona 2021-04-28 30 Bilingual 7 (0.88%) 8 (1%) 15 (1.88%) TRUE TRUE
70 Barcelona 2021-04-28 21 Monolingual 5 (0.62%) 7 (0.88%) 13 (1.62%) TRUE TRUE
70 Barcelona 2021-04-28 25 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
72 Barcelona 2021-04-29 21 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 8 (1%) 14 (1.75%) TRUE TRUE
72 Barcelona 2021-04-29 25 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
78 Barcelona 2021-04-29 21 Monolingual 0 (0%) NA (NA%) NA (NA%) FALSE TRUE
78 Barcelona 2021-04-29 25 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 7 (0.88%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
73 Barcelona 2021-04-30 21 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 15 (1.88%) FALSE FALSE
73 Barcelona 2021-04-30 25 Monolingual 4 (0.5%) 6 (0.75%) 12 (1.5%) FALSE FALSE
81 Barcelona 2021-05-03 21 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 7 (0.88%) 14 (1.75%) TRUE TRUE
81 Barcelona 2021-05-03 25 Monolingual 6 (0.75%) 7 (0.88%) 13 (1.62%) TRUE TRUE
82 Barcelona 2021-05-07 21 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 7 (0.88%) 13 (1.62%) TRUE TRUE
82 Barcelona 2021-05-07 25 Monolingual 8 (1%) 6 (0.75%) 15 (1.88%) TRUE TRUE
69 Barcelona 2021-05-08 25 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 13 (1.62%) TRUE TRUE
69 Barcelona 2021-05-08 30 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 8 (1%) 12 (1.5%) TRUE TRUE
76 Barcelona 2021-05-08 21 Bilingual 5 (0.62%) 5 (0.62%) 6 (0.75%) TRUE TRUE
84 Barcelona 2021-05-12 21 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 14 (1.75%) TRUE TRUE
84 Barcelona 2021-05-12 25 Monolingual 3 (0.38%) 5 (0.62%) 6 (0.75%) TRUE TRUE
oxf21 Oxford 2019-12-02 21 Monolingual 8 (1%) 7 (0.88%) 14 (1.75%) TRUE TRUE
oxf5 Oxford 2019-12-03 30 Monolingual 8 (1%) 7 (0.88%) 14 (1.75%) TRUE TRUE
oxf22 Oxford 2019-12-04 21 Monolingual 6 (0.75%) 5 (0.62%) 7 (0.88%) TRUE TRUE
oxf23 Oxford 2019-12-05 21 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 13 (1.62%) TRUE TRUE
oxf24 Oxford 2019-12-05 21 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 15 (1.88%) TRUE TRUE
oxf25 Oxford 2019-12-06 21 Monolingual 6 (0.75%) 5 (0.62%) 9 (1.12%) TRUE TRUE
oxf26 Oxford 2019-12-10 21 Monolingual 2 (0.25%) 3 (0.38%) 8 (1%) TRUE TRUE
oxf1 Oxford 2019-12-13 30 Monolingual 8 (1%) 7 (0.88%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
oxf2 Oxford 2019-12-13 30 Monolingual 6 (0.75%) 6 (0.75%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
oxf27 Oxford 2019-12-13 21 Monolingual 6 (0.75%) 7 (0.88%) 12 (1.5%) TRUE TRUE
oxf29 Oxford 2019-12-14 21 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 7 (0.88%) 14 (1.75%) TRUE TRUE
oxf30 Oxford 2019-12-16 21 Monolingual 4 (0.5%) 3 (0.38%) 6 (0.75%) TRUE TRUE
oxf3 Oxford 2019-12-17 30 Bilingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
oxf31 Oxford 2019-12-18 21 Monolingual 6 (0.75%) 6 (0.75%) 12 (1.5%) TRUE TRUE
oxf18 Oxford 2020-01-23 25 Monolingual 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 3 (0.38%) FALSE FALSE
oxf33 Oxford 2020-01-23 21 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 15 (1.88%) TRUE TRUE
oxf19 Oxford 2020-01-24 25 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 6 (0.75%) 8 (1%) TRUE TRUE
oxf34 Oxford 2020-01-24 21 Monolingual 4 (0.5%) 8 (1%) 14 (1.75%) TRUE TRUE
oxf35 Oxford 2020-01-24 21 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
oxf36 Oxford 2020-01-27 21 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 8 (1%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
oxf37 Oxford 2020-01-28 21 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
oxf38 Oxford 2020-01-28 21 Monolingual 3 (0.38%) 4 (0.5%) 9 (1.12%) TRUE TRUE
oxf39 Oxford 2020-01-30 21 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
oxf20 Oxford 2020-01-31 25 Monolingual 1 (0.12%) 2 (0.25%) 8 (1%) TRUE FALSE
oxf40 Oxford 2020-01-31 21 Monolingual 8 (1%) 7 (0.88%) 15 (1.88%) TRUE TRUE
oxf41 Oxford 2020-01-31 21 Monolingual 5 (0.62%) 7 (0.88%) 9 (1.12%) FALSE FALSE
oxf42 Oxford 2020-01-31 21 Monolingual 5 (0.62%) 6 (0.75%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
oxf8 Oxford 2020-02-01 30 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
oxf43 Oxford 2020-02-03 21 Monolingual 6 (0.75%) 6 (0.75%) 13 (1.62%) TRUE TRUE
oxf44 Oxford 2020-02-05 21 Monolingual 4 (0.5%) 6 (0.75%) 12 (1.5%) TRUE TRUE
oxf45 Oxford 2020-02-06 21 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
oxf46 Oxford 2020-02-06 21 Monolingual 2 (0.25%) 4 (0.5%) 4 (0.5%) TRUE TRUE
oxf47 Oxford 2020-02-07 21 Monolingual 6 (0.75%) 7 (0.88%) 10 (1.25%) TRUE TRUE
oxf48 Oxford 2020-02-14 21 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 8 (1%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
oxf49 Oxford 2020-02-17 21 Monolingual 7 (0.88%) 7 (0.88%) 14 (1.75%) TRUE TRUE
oxf50 Oxford 2020-02-18 21 Monolingual 8 (1%) 8 (1%) 16 (2%) TRUE TRUE
oxf51 Oxford 2020-03-12 21 Monolingual 5 (0.62%) 6 (0.75%) 12 (1.5%) TRUE TRUE
oxf52 Oxford 2020-03-17 21 Monolingual 8 (1%) 5 (0.62%) 10 (1.25%) TRUE TRUE

Appendix 2: Individual target looking times

References